Articles and Research Papers
Forced Migration: Concept and Contex
Padma Prasad Khatiwada*
Published in Nepali Journal of Contemporary Studies, A Bi-annual Publication of Nepal Centre for Contemporary Studies (NCCS), Vol. VI, No. 2, September 2006.
* Lecturer (Population Studies), Padma Kanya Multiple Campus; Faculty Associate, Central Department of Population Studies (CDPS), TU
ABSTRACT
The paradigm shift of migration typology between 'voluntary and forced' is the core issue to base this article. An argument follows what causes migration forced, and why? So many factors are responsible for being migration 'forced' or 'voluntary'. Examples cited and quoted prove the basic fact that even forced migration can turn into voluntary and vice-versa. Therefore, some writers such as Shanmuguratnam, 2003 concludes that the very voluntary-forced distinction is 'often blurred in the real world.'
So many issues are there to deal with if we see the impact levels of both voluntary and forced migration. They are both positive and negative ones. Among many of them some selected and relevant ones are discussed in this short write-up. This write-up mainly concentrates on the forced migration. It starts with conceptualisation of forced migration in which mainly two models of conceptualisation are presented. They are legal-institutional conceptualisation and social-developmental conceptualisation. There are other conceptualisations too such as political economy model and security model. The second part of the article deals with the issues of forced migration on these two models. An attempt is made to exemplify the Nepal's situation as and when it necessitates and as per the availability of information. More
Political Ideology, Reality and Science in Nepal - Ketan Dulal
In politics I rather like being an observer. I had never wanted to take part in it. According to me, politicians play with power and ideologies. I hate both- power and ideologies. But I have some place for ideologies in my mind because I love being idealistic. And I think most people love ideologies too. But I can forcefully say that ideologies do not work in the real world. Ideologies are based on illusions and prejudice rather than truth and justice. But you find ideologies working everywhere in Nepal. Whether it’s speech of a religious leader or a speech of political leaders, you find ideologies, like a ghost in the brain roaming inside us, never escaping from us and snatching that precious thing called as freedom. When you write something being idealistic you are trying to pour that “ghost” to other people. And that creates an authoritarian world. May be that’s the reason why the great German writer Gunter Grass is against any kind of ideologies. More
Favoritism, Corruption, Nepotism - Bikram Pant and Laxmi Kumar Parajuli
Dear all,
In the earlier issues of the Nepal Officers yahoo group, a lot of serious questions have been raised about the working style and efficiency of Nepalese embassies all over the world.
In our opinion not all the officials of Nepal are indulged in favoritism, corruption and nepotism. But now it is obvious that Nepalese citizens have slowly began to realize the Nepalese political landscape. Their demand for a need of complete reform in the working style and efficiencies in the majority of administrative/government offices in Nepal is
justifiable. Peace loving Nepalese has now very well realized that a mere change in political faces is not what we need at present. But most importantly it should be the elevation in the personal attributes and qualities that a politician should possess. At present we are in need of politicians who are able to give a definite vision and guidelines in the reconstruction of new Nepal. The constituent assembly election is in itself a noteworthy task but is not a sufficient criterion for a real socio-economic development of our nation.
Despite of behaving like a humble civil servant, many of the political leaders and governmental officials of Nepal behave in a very rude manner that is beyond a tolerance range for a common citizen. The feeling that revolves around these officials can be rightly described by a single phrase: " The superiority complex". They have a feeling that they are rulers and they are doing mercy over the common people. In order to create a new Nepal, we need a complete improvement in the functioning mechanism of the country which is still under the control of few corrupted bureaucrats. These corrupted bureaucrats should be forced to realize that they are the civil servant and not the autocratic ruler of Nepalese people. More
German Sahitya ra darsan (in Nepali) - Dr. Khum Narayan Paudel More
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